Page 379 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

Chapter 24
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PRECAUTIONS ON

งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
SHIP AND

TERMINAL DURING

CARGO HANDLING

This Chapter provides guidance on precautions to be observed by both ship and
shore when cargo handling, ballasting, bunkering, tank cleaning, gas freeing and
purging operations are to be carried out in port. Eliminating the risk of fire and
explosion is paramount. The hazards associated with smoking, galleys, electrical
equipment and other potential sources of ignition are discussed in Chapter 4, to
which reference should be made.

ึ
Detailed information on equipment and operations that are principally related to
either the tanker or the terminal is contained in Parts 2 and 3 of this Guide
respectively.

24.1 External Openings in Superstructures

A tanker’s accommodation and machinery spaces contain equipment that is not
suitable for use in flammable atmospheres. It is therefore important that petroleum
gas is kept out of these spaces.

All external doors, ports and similar openings should be closed when the tanker, or a
ship at an adjacent berth, is conducting any of the following operations:
Handling volatile petroleum or non-volatile petroleum near to or above its
flashpoint.

Loading non-volatile petroleum into tanks containing hydrocarbon vapour.
Crude oil washing.
Ballasting, purging, gas freeing or tank washing after discharge of volatile
petroleum.

A screen door cannot be considered a safe substitute for an external door. Additional
doors and ports may have to be closed in special circumstances or due to structural
peculiarities of the tanker.

If external doors have to be opened for access, they should be closed immediately
after use. Where practical, a single door should be used for working access in port.
Doors that must be kept closed should be clearly marked.

Doors should not normally be locked in port. However, where there are security
concerns, measures may need to be employed to prevent unauthorised access while
at the same time ensuring that there is a means of escape for the personnel inside.
Although discomfort may be caused to personnel in accommodation that is

© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 345