Page 374 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

INTERNATIONAL SAFETY GUIDE FOR OIL TANKERS AND TERMINALS

23.3 Preparations for Arrival
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23.3.1 Tanker’s Mooring Equipment

Before arrival at a port or berth, all necessary mooring equipment should
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be ready for use. Anchors should be ready for use if required, unless
anchoring is prohibited. Provision for emergency towing-off pennants
should be made in accordance with Section 26.5.5. There should always
be an adequate number of personnel available to handle the moorings.

23.3.2 Use of Tugs
Before tugs come alongside to assist a tanker, all cargo and ballast tank
lids and ullage ports should be closed, no matter what grade of oil is
being or has been carried, unless all the cargo tanks are tested and
proven free of hydrocarbon vapour. Tugs and other craft must not be
permitted to come alongside before the Master has satisfied himself that
it is safe for them to do so.

Tugs should be adequately fendered to avoid causing damage to the
tanker’s hull and should push the tanker at designated ‘strong points’,
which should be indicated by markings.

Tugs should switch off their radar systems when approaching a tanker.
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Except in an emergency, tugs should not be allowed to come alongside or
remain alongside a tanker while it is loading or discharging volatile
petroleum or ballasting tanks containing hydrocarbon vapour. Any intent
by the Master or request from the shore for tugs to remain alongside
during any such cargo or ballast activities should be treated as
non-routine and must not be undertaken without the full agreement of all
parties concerned, and only after a risk assessment has been carried out.

23.3.3 Emergency Use of Tugs

Occasionally, severe weather may place excessive strain on the moorings
with consequent risk of mooring line failure and movement of the tanker
in or off the berth. In such circumstances, tugs can perform a very useful
function in holding the ship against the berth in order to reduce the strain
on the moorings. In such circumstances, cargo operations should be
immediately suspended, hoses or loading arms should be disconnected
and engines placed on standby.

23.4 Mooring at Jetty Berths

Effective ship mooring management requires a sound knowledge of mooring
principles, information about the mooring equipment installed on the ship, proper
maintenance of this equipment and regular tending of mooring lines.

The safety of the ship, and hence its proper mooring, is the prime responsibility of
the Master. However, the terminal has local knowledge of the operating environment
at the site and knows the capabilities of shore equipment, and should therefore be in
a position to advise the Master regarding mooring line layout and operating limits.

340 © ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006