Page 343 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

Chapter 20
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EMERGENCY

งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
PREPAREDNESS

A comprehensive and well practised plan is essential if a terminal is to respond
to emergencies in an orderly and effective manner. This Chapter deals with the
preparation of terminal emergency response plans and with the provision of
resources and training necessary to support them.

Actions to be taken by the terminal and the tanker in the event of an emergency
at the ship/shore interface are given in Section 26.5.

Additional information on fire protection in terminals is contained in Chapter 19.

20.1 Overview

ึ
All terminals should have procedures ready for immediate implementation in the
event of an emergency. The procedures should cover all types of emergency that can
be envisaged in the context of particular activities at the terminal, for example major
oil spillage, gas leak resulting in an unconfined vapour cloud, fire, explosion and ill or
injured persons. While the deployment of fire-fighting equipment is likely to be
prominent in any emergency procedure, equipment such as breathing apparatus,
resuscitation equipment, stretchers and means of escape or exit should also be
covered.

Personnel involved must be familiar with the emergency procedures, should be
adequately trained and should clearly understand the action they would be required
to take in responding to an emergency. This should include the sounding of alarms,
the setting up of a control centre and the organisation of personnel to deal with the
emergency.

Information on the hazards associated with products handled at the terminal should
be immediately available in case of emergency. It is recommended that Material
Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are available to provide both workers and emergency
personnel with procedures for handling or working with each particular product. The
MSDS should include details of physical data (melting point, boiling point, flashpoint
etc), toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal and the personal
protective equipment to be used.

Sufficient manpower is necessary to initiate successfully and to then sustain any
response plan. Therefore, a thorough study should be made to determine the total
manpower requirements over the whole period of any emergency. Where appropriate,
assistance may be obtained from local emergency organisations, nearby airports,
industrial plants or military installations. However, it should be ensured that terminal
manpower is sufficient to mount an initial response to any emergency.
In addition to addressing incidents which may occur during normal operational times,
terminal emergency plans should also cover those which may occur outside normal
working hours, when operations are continuing with reduced manpower on site.

© OCIMF/ ICS/ IAPH 2006 309