Page 335 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

SAFETY AND FIRE PROTECTION
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19.5.3.3
When the fire pumps are to be located on a wharf or jetty, a safe
and protected location is essential in order to ensure that the fire
pumps will not become immobilised during a fire at the marine
terminal, or do not in themselves present a potential ignition
source. When selecting a location for the fire pumps,
consideration should be given to the loading gantry and the
nearest moored tanker or barge.
Where practical, fire pump installations should be protected from a
sea surface fire penetrating the underside or below deck area of
the installation. Protection may be achieved by structural barriers,
booms or water spray systems. In this context, the fire pump
should be installed on a solid deck. Whenever electric motor
driven pumps are installed, the careful routeing and fire protection
of power cables should be considered.
Fire-Main Piping
Permanent fire water mains and/or foam-water solution mains
should be installed on marine terminals and along the approach
routes to berths. Mains should extend as near to the heads of
marine terminals as possible and be provided with a number of
accessible water take-off (hydrant) points.
ึ
The hydrant points generally consist of headers with individually
valved outlets fitted with a fire hose connection suitable for the
particular type of fire hose coupling in use locally. Isolating valves
should be fitted so as to prevent the loss of all fire-fighting
systems due to a single fracture or blockage of the fire-main
network. The isolating valves should be positioned so that, in the
event of fire-main failure in the berth area, there will still be a
supply at the berth approach. Where the berth fire-main is
extended from a shore installation, an isolating valve(s) should be
provided at the shore side end of the wharf or jetty. Additional fire
hydrants should then be provided upstream of an isolating valve.
In the case of sea island berths, isolating valves should be
positioned on the fire-main grid so that at least 50% of the grid
will continue to operate in the event of a single point failure, or
during necessary maintenance, and still provide sufficient
hydrants for the total fire water demand.
Fire-main construction materials should be compatible with the
water supply.
The minimum capacities and pressures for fire water mains are
dependent upon whether the system is to be used for cooling or
for the production of foam, and upon the length of jet required.
Where freezing conditions are encountered, fire-mains which are
not maintained in the dry mode should be protected from freezing.
In particular, where the fire water supply is obtained from an
on-shore grid, any wet section of the grid should be buried below
the frost line or otherwise protected from freezing. Buried
fire-mains need to be suitably coated and wrapped to prevent
corrosion. Cathodic protection may also be necessary.
© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 301