Page 31 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

DEFINITIONS

Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP)
The vapour pressure of a liquid determined in a standard manner in the Reid apparatus
---ใช้เพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น---
at a temperature of 37.8ºC and with a ratio of gas to liquid volume of 4:1. Used for
comparison purposes only. See ‘True Vapour Pressure’.

งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
Relaxation time
The time taken for an electrostatic charge to relax or dissipate from a liquid. This time is
typically half a minute for static accumulator liquids. Not to be confused with ‘Settling
time’ – see definition.

Responsible Officer (or Person)
A person appointed by the Company or the Master of the ship and empowered to take
all decisions relating to a specific task, and having the necessary knowledge and
experience for that purpose.

Resuscitator
Equipment to assist or restore the breathing of personnel overcome by gas or lack of
oxygen.

Safety Management System (SMS)
A formal, documented system required by the ISM Code, compliance with which should
ensure that all operations and activities on board a ship are carried out in a safe
manner.

ึ
Self-stowing mooring winch
A mooring winch fitted with a drum on which a mooring wire or rope is made fast and
automatically stowed.

Settling time
The time it takes for tank contents to stop moving once filling has stopped, and
therefore the cessation of further static electricity generation. Typically, this time is
30 minutes. Not to be confused with ‘Relaxation time’ – see definition.

SOLAS
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974 and its Protocol of
1988, as amended.

Sounding pipe
A pipe extending from the top of the tank to the bottom through which the contents of
the tank can be measured. The pipe is usually perforated to ensure the level of liquid in
the pipe is the same as the level of liquid in the body of the tank and to prevent the
possibility of spillages. The pipe should be electrically bonded to the ship’s structure at
the deck and at its lower end.

Sour crude oil or products
A term used to describe crude oil or products containing appreciable amounts of
hydrogen sulphide and/or mercaptans.

Spiked crude oil
A crude oil blended with a liquefied gas or condensate.

Spontaneous combustion
The ignition of material brought about by a heat producing (exothermic) chemical
reaction within the material itself without exposure to an external source of ignition.

Spread loading
The practice of loading a number of tanks simultaneously to avoid static electricity
generation when loading static accumulator cargoes.

© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 xxxi