Page 29 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

DEFINITIONS

Interface detector
An electrical instrument for detecting the boundary between oil and water.
Mercaptansพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น---
International Safety Management (ISM) Code
An international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for
งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
pollution prevention. The Code establishes safety management objectives and requires
a Safety Management System (SMS) to be established by the Company and audited
and approved by the flag administration.

Intrinsically safe
An electrical circuit, or part of a circuit, is intrinsically safe if any spark or thermal effect
produced normally (i.e. by breaking or closing the circuit) or accidentally (e.g. by short
circuit or earth fault) is incapable, under prescribed test conditions, of igniting a
prescribed gas mixture.

Loading over the top (also referred to as ‘Loading overall’)
The loading of cargo or ballast through an open-ended pipe or by means of an
open-ended hose entering a tank through a deck opening, resulting in the free fall of
liquid.

Loading rate
The volumetric measure of liquid loaded within a given period, usually expressed as
3
cubic metres per hour (m /hr) or barrels per hour (bbls/hr).
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Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)
The concentration of a hydrocarbon gas in air below which there is insufficient
hydrocarbon to support and propagate combustion. Sometimes referred to as Lower
Explosive Limit (LEL).

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
A document identifying a substance and all its constituents. It provides the recipient with
all necessary information to manage the substance safely. The format and content of
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an MSDS for MARPOL Annex I cargoes and Marine Fuel Oils are prescribed in IMO
Resolution MSC.150(77).

A group of naturally occurring organic chemicals containing sulphur. They are present in
some crude oils and in pentane plus cargoes. They have a strong odour.

Naked lights
Open flames or fires, lighted cigarettes, cigars, pipes or similar smoking materials, any
other unconfined sources of ignition, electrical and other equipment liable to cause
sparking while in use, unprotected light bulbs or any surface with a temperature that is
equal to or higher than the auto-ignition temperature of the products handled in the
operation.

Non-volatile petroleum
Petroleum having a flashpoint of 60ºC or above, as determined by the closed cup
method of test.

Odour threshold
The lowest concentration of vapour in air that can be detected by smell.

Oil/Bulk/Ore (OBO), Oil/Ore (O/O)
See ‘Combination carrier’.

Oxygen analyser or oxygen meter
An instrument for determining the percentage of oxygen in a sample of the atmosphere
drawn from a tank, pipe or compartment.

© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 xxix