Page 213 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

SHIPBOARD OPERATIONS

11.1.13.9 Training
11.1.14 Discharging Proceduresเท่านั้น---
It is important that the Responsible Officer has received
instruction on the particular vapour emission control system
installed on the ship.
งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
11.1.13.10 Communications
The introduction of vapour emission control reinforces the
importance of good co-operation and communications between
the ship and shore. Pre-transfer discussions should provide both
parties with an understanding of each other’s operating
parameters. Details such as maximum transfer rates, maximum
allowable pressure drops in the vapour collection system, and
alarm and shutdown conditions and procedures must be agreed
before operations commence (see Section 26.3 – Ship/Shore
Safety Check-List).
---ใช้เพื่อการศึกษา

11.1.14.1 Joint Agreement on Readiness to Discharge

Before starting to discharge cargo, the Responsible Officer and
the Terminal Representative must formally agree that both the
Operation of Pumps and Valves ึ
tanker and the terminal are ready to do so safely.

11.1.14.2

Throughout pumping operations, no abrupt changes in the rate of
flow should be made.

Reciprocating main cargo pumps can set up excessive vibration in
metal loading/discharging arms which, in turn, can cause leaks in
couplers and swivel joints, and even mechanical damage to the
support structure. Where possible, such pumps should not be
used. If they are, care must be taken to select the least critical
pump speed or, if more than one pump is used, a combination of
pump speeds to achieve an acceptable level of vibration. A close
watch should be kept on the vibration level throughout the cargo
discharge.

Centrifugal pumps should be operated at speeds that do not
cause cavitation. This effect may damage the pump and other
equipment on the ship or at the terminal.

11.1.14.3 Closed Discharging
Ships correctly operating their inert gas systems are considered
to be conducting ‘closed’ discharging operations.

On non-inerted ships, discharging, gauging and sampling should
normally be carried out with all ullage, sounding and sighting ports
closed. Air should be admitted to the tanks by the dedicated
venting system.

When cargo is being run between tanks during discharge
operations, care should be taken to ensure that vapours are
vented to deck via deck apertures that are protected by flame
screens.

© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 179