Page 143 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

Chapter 8
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SHIP’S EQUIPMENT

งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี

This Chapter describes equipment that is provided on board for fire-fighting purposes,
for gas measurement and for lifting operations. Reference is also made to the need
for testing and maintenance procedures for this equipment.

8.1 Shipboard Fire-Fighting Equipment

8.1.1 General

The requirements for ships’ fire-fighting equipment are laid down by the
regulations of the particular country in which the tanker is registered. These
regulations are generally based on the principles of SOLAS.

The theory of fire-fighting and the types of fire that may be encountered are
discussed in Chapter 5.

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8.1.2 Tanker Fixed Fire-Fighting Installations – Cooling

All tankers are provided with a water fire-fighting system consisting of pumps
with a permanent sea connection, a fire-main with hydrant points, fire hoses
complete with couplings, and jet nozzles or, preferably, jet/spray nozzles. A
sufficient number of hydrants are provided and located so as to ensure that
two jets of water can reach any part of the ship. Certain bulkheads are
sometimes fitted with permanent water spray lines.

An International Shore Fire Connection must be provided on a tanker so that
an external water supply can be coupled to any hydrant in the ship’s fire main.
This connection should be available for immediate use. (See Section 26.5.3.)

In cold weather, the freezing of fire-mains and hydrants should be prevented by
continuously bleeding water over board from hydrants at the extreme end of
each fire-main. Alternatively, all low points of the fire-main may be kept
drained.

8.1.3 Tanker Fixed Fire-Fighting Installations – Smothering

One or more of the different smothering systems listed below may be installed
on board tankers.

8.1.3.1 Carbon Dioxide Flooding System
This system is designed to fight fires in the engine room, boiler room and
pumproom. The system normally consists of a battery of large carbon
dioxide cylinders. The carbon dioxide is piped from the cylinder manifold
to suitable points having diffusing nozzles. An alarm should be activated
in the compartment before the carbon dioxide is released to give
personnel time to evacuate the compartment.

© ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006 109