Page 110 - International safety guide for oil tankers and terminals

INTERNATIONAL SAFETY GUIDE FOR OIL TANKERS AND TERMINALS

Radar sets, operating on 3 cm and 10 cm wavelengths, are designed with a
peak power output of 30 kW and, if properly sited, present no radio ignition
---ใช้เพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น---
hazard due to induced currents.

High Frequency (HF) radiation does not penetrate the human body, but at short
งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
ranges (up to 10 m) can cause heating of skin or eyes. Assuming sensible
precautions are taken, such as not looking directly into the scanner at close
range, there is no significant health risk from marine radar emissions.

Radar scanner motors are not rated for use in dangerous/hazardous areas but,
apart from on smaller vessels, are generally situated well above shore
hazardous zones. Any risk is reduced further on ships operating a closed
loading system with vapour return. The testing of radars whilst alongside is
therefore considered safe. However, it is good practice to switch the radar off
or place it on standby when alongside a terminal and to consult with the
terminal before testing radar equipment during cargo operations.

4.8.4 Automatic Identification Systems (AIS)
AIS is required to be operating while a ship is underway and while at anchor.
Some port authorities may request that the AIS is kept on when a ship is
alongside. The AIS operates on a VHF frequency and transmits and receives
information automatically, and the output power ranges between 2 and
12.5 watts. Automatic polling by another station (e.g. by port authority
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equipment or another ship) could cause equipment to transmit at the higher
(12.5 watt) level, even when it is set to low power (typically 2 watts).
When alongside a terminal or port area where hydrocarbon gases may be
present, either the AIS should be switched off or the aerial isolated and the
AIS given a dummy load. Isolating the aerial preserves manually input data
that may be lost if the AIS is switched off. If necessary, the port authority
should be informed.

When alongside terminal or port areas where no hydrocarbon gases are likely
to be present, and if the unit has the facility, the AIS should be switched to low
power.

If the AIS is switched off or isolated whilst alongside, it must be reactivated
upon leaving the berth.

The use of AIS equipment may affect the security of the ship or the terminal at
which it is berthed. In such circumstances, the use of AIS may be determined
by the port authority, depending on the security level within the port.

4.8.5 Telephones
When there is a direct telephone connection from the ship to the shore control
room or elsewhere, telephone cables should preferably be routed outside the
dangerous zone.

When this is not feasible, the cable should be routed and fixed in position by
qualified shore personnel and should be protected against mechanical damage
so that no danger can arise from its use.

76 © ICS/OCIMF/IAPH 2006