Page 23 - Ship Construction.DJ Eyres 6Ed

Ch02-H8070.fm Page 12 Wednesday, October 18, 2006 6:51 AM
12 Ship Construction
Parallel Middle Body: The length over which the midship section remains
constant in area and shape.
Entrance: The immersed body of the vessel forward of the parallel middle body.
Run: The immersed body of the vessel aft of the parallel middle body.
Tonnage: This is often referred to when the size of the vessel is discussed,
and the gross tonnage is quoted from Lloyds Register. Tonnage is a mea-
sure of the enclosed internal volume of the vessel (originally computed as
--- ใช้เพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น---
100 cubic feet per ton). This is dealt with in detail in Chapter 30.
Deadweight: This is defined in Chapter 1. It should be noted that for tankers
deadweight is often quoted in ‘long tons’ rather than ‘metric tons (tonnes)’,
งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
however MARPOL regulations for oil tankers are in metric tons.
The principal dimensions of the ship are illustrated in Figure 2.1.
TEU and FEU: Indicate the cargo carrying capacity of container ships. TEU
(twenty foot equivalent unit) indicates the number of standard shipping
containers that may be carried On some shipping routes container ships
may carry standard containers that are 40 feet in length. FEU is forty foot
equivalent unit.
An indication of the size by capacity of oil tankers, bulk carriers and con-
tainer ships is often given by the following type –

OIL TANKERS ึ
ULCC/VLCC “Ultra-Large Crude Carrier” and “Very Large Crude Car-
rier” being tankers carrying more than say 200,000 tonnes of cargo. ULCC’s
being say 300,000 to 550,000 tonnes deadweight and the typical size of a
VLCC being 200,000 to 300,000 tonnes deadweight.
Suezmax Indicates the largest oil tanker that can transit the Suez Canal
fully laden, being about 150,000 tonnes deadweight.
Aframax The standard designation of smaller crude oil tankers, being
the largest tanker size in the AFRA Freight Rate Assessment Scale Large
One Category. AFRA stands for “American Freight Rate Association”.
Variously reported as being 80,000 to 115,000 tones deadweight.
Panamax The maximum size of oil tanker, with beam restriction of
32.2 metre, and length restriction of 275 metres that can transit the
Panama Canal. Typical size being about 55,000 to 70,000 tonnes dead-
weight.
Handysize/Handymax Typical products tankers of about 35,000 to
45,000 tonnes deadweight.

BULK CARRIERS
Capesize Ships that are too large to transit the Panama Canal and there-
fore voyage around Cape Horn. Typically from 80,000 to 170,000 tonnes
deadweight.