Page 151 - Ship Construction.DJ Eyres 6Ed

Ch14-H8070.fm Page 140 Wednesday, October 18, 2006 6:56 AM
140 Ship Construction
room areas where pipework, etc., can be fitted on the underside of the
flat with the block in the inverted position and then it is turned to install
equipment above the flat (see Figure 14.3). A block’s centre of gravity is
calculated and lifting lugs so provided that these operations can be under-
taken, and finally the block can be suspended for erection at the building
dock or berth and drop into place in the correct plane.

--- ใช้เพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น---
Outfit Modules
งานห้องสมุด ศูนย์ฝกพาณิชย์นาวี
Units of machinery, pipework and other outfit systems required for a spe-
cific zone can be planned and built up into modules and installed as such
into a block fabrication. Pipework in particular lends itself to this form of
assembly and can, with careful planning from the CAD stage, be arranged
in groupings so that pipe bank modules can be arranged for a particular
zone. Modules can range from a small pipe bank supported by light fram-
ing of pipe hangers, or a complete auxiliary machinery unit on its seating
which has even been test run prior to installation, to a large modular unit
which together with several similar units constitutes the bulk of a com-
plete engine room. The latter have been developed in one European ship-
ึ
yard where macro-modules of the order of 10 m × 10 m × 4m made up of
square rolled hollow sections (which function as pillars when installed)
and horizontal parts of the ship’s structure such as flats are completely
outfitted. A number of these macro-modules erected around the main
engine are indistinguishable from a conventional engine room. Sub-con-
tractors are encouraged by the shipyards to supply their equipment in
module form.
Not all outfits can be incorporated into modules and a large number of
piece parts have to be provided for fitting in any given zone at a particular
time within the assembly shops. To maintain production engineering stand-
ards a concept of ‘palletization’ has been developed whereby the piece
parts for that zone are generated at the CAD/CAM stage, bought in and/or
fabricated, etc., and made available at the work station when the particular
assembly is ready to receive them.
An ‘open top’ arrangement for blocks or smaller ships being outfitted
under cover can facilitate installation of the items and modules.
Superstructure blocks are fabricated separately and pre-outfitted with
accommodation before erection as a complete unit. Modular cabin units
are a common feature of modern shipbuilding, some companies specializing
in their production. Figure 14.4 shows a typical self supporting cabin/
toilet module complete with pipework, ventilation, electrical fittings and
wiring all of which can plug into the ships systems, and all built-in furni-
ture. An accommodation block must be specifically designed for such
modules and the sequence of module access and placement in the block
carefully planned.